GEOTHERMAL - Pond (closed) Loop

Pond Loop:
(lake, ocean, etc.)
Systems are very efficient due to water having very high thermal conductivity especially in the presence of currents (very good heat transfer).

Challenges: 

• Regulatory Authorities (i.e. Rideau Valley Conservation Authority)
• Freezing (water must have a minimum depth)
• Anchorage (HPDE (high density polyethylene pipe) floats and boat anchors hooking onto the tubing could create problems
• Water temperatures could fluctuate as loops remove heat or reject heat (especially in small bodies of water) possibly affecting fish stocks, etc.